Diversity, threats and opportunities for tropical dry forest conservation in Oaxaca State, Mexico

Abstract

Meave, J.A., Romero-Romero, M.A., Salas-Morales, S.H., Pérez-García, E.A., Gallardo-Cruz, J.A. (2012). Diversity, threats and opportunities for tropical dry forest conservation in Oaxaca State, Mexico. Ecosistemas 21(1-2):85-100

The tropical dry forest is one of the most iconic ecosystems in the State of Oaxaca (southern Mexico). This ecosystem may have occupied close to 30% of the state’s territory  prior to human-caused disturbance. Botanical exploration suggests that this ecosystem sustains approximately one third of the state’s total plant diversity. This forest plays an important role as a habitat for a diverse and highly endemic fauna, as well as providing essential ecosystem services. Despite its importance, the tropical dry forest of Oaxaca has been eliminated or dramatically modified throughout a large portion of its original range. The future of this ecosystem is threatened by the expansion of agriculture and cattle ranching activities, the establishment of large-scale cash crops, and the development of infrastructure for tourism and industry. Unlike other ecosystems in the state, the tropical dry forest is less charismatic or attractive, and therefore opportunities for its conservation seem in jeopardy. It is urgent that government agencies, NGOs, ENGOs, and society at large should begin serious and effective actions aimed at its conservation and restoration.